Black Brant Rockets - Revision history

Gcook: /* Black Brant 11 and 12 */

2025-02-23T17:02:08Z

Black Brant 11 and 12

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:02, 23 February 2025
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	===Black Brant 11 and 12===		===Black Brant 11 and 12===
	With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching 1,460 km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.		With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching 1,460 km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Black Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.

	==Black Brant Mk Program==		==Black Brant Mk Program==

Gcook: /* Compiled by */

2025-02-01T21:35:37Z

Compiled by

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:35, 1 February 2025
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	# Kimberly Norrie, P. Eng. Magellan Aerospace, Winnipeg		# Kimberly Norrie, P. Eng. Magellan Aerospace, Winnipeg
	<br>		<br>

	Editing		Editing
	# James A. Burns, PhD.		# James A. Burns, PhD.

Gcook: /* Black Brant 11 and 12 */

2025-01-30T19:55:20Z

Black Brant 11 and 12

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:55, 30 January 2025
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	In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.		In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.

	==Black Brant 11 and 12==		===Black Brant 11 and 12===
	With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching 1,460 km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.		With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching 1,460 km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.

	==Black Brant Mk Program==		==Black Brant Mk Program==

Gcook: /* Black Brant 8, 9 and 10 */

2025-01-30T19:55:10Z

Black Brant 8, 9 and 10

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:55, 30 January 2025
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	[[File:BlackBrant Fig 3 Scale of Black Brant Rockets ver1.jpg\|Scale of Black Brant Rockets, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]		[[File:BlackBrant Fig 3 Scale of Black Brant Rockets ver1.jpg\|Scale of Black Brant Rockets, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]

	==Black Brant 8, 9 and 10==		===Black Brant 8, 9 and 10===
	In 1973, NASA, the National Research Council, and Bristol entered in a collaboration to increase the performance of the BB5 to accommodate larger and heavier payloads. Leveraging existing technologies, the program combined surplus NIKE boosters from the US Army with a BB5 to create the new BB8. The NIKE motors were available in large quantities after they were superseded by later models, thus becoming a cost-effective launch vehicle stack. This was the first instance of using military rockets to make Black Brant stacks and resulted in 40% higher altitudes than a BB5 alone. Bristol developed all of the interface and separation hardware as well as calculating the flight performance and associated loads that the vehicle would have to survive. The BB8 flew 115 times before its retirement.		In 1973, NASA, the National Research Council, and Bristol entered in a collaboration to increase the performance of the BB5 to accommodate larger and heavier payloads. Leveraging existing technologies, the program combined surplus NIKE boosters from the US Army with a BB5 to create the new BB8. The NIKE motors were available in large quantities after they were superseded by later models, thus becoming a cost-effective launch vehicle stack. This was the first instance of using military rockets to make Black Brant stacks and resulted in 40% higher altitudes than a BB5 alone. Bristol developed all of the interface and separation hardware as well as calculating the flight performance and associated loads that the vehicle would have to survive. The BB8 flew 115 times before its retirement.

	Building on the success of recycling surplus military motors, the BB9 was developed using a US Navy TERRIER rocket engine. Despite a failure in March 1982 during the first flight, subsequent launches demonstrated an increase of 20% in performance over the BB8, lifting 175-kg payloads up to 600 km above the surface. The rocket became so popular that since the early 1990s, and continuing past 2019, more than two thirds of NASA’s sounding-rocket program schedule consisted of Black Brant-based missions.		Building on the success of recycling surplus military motors, the BB9 was developed using a US Navy TERRIER rocket engine. Despite a failure in March 1982 during the first flight, subsequent launches demonstrated an increase of 20% in performance over the BB8, lifting 175-kg payloads up to 600 km above the surface. The rocket became so popular that since the early 1990s, and continuing past 2019, more than two thirds of NASA’s sounding-rocket program schedule consisted of Black Brant-based missions.

	In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.		In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.

	==Black Brant 11 and 12==		==Black Brant 11 and 12==

Gcook: /* Black Brant 3, 4 and 5 */

2025-01-30T19:54:39Z

Black Brant 3, 4 and 5

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:54, 30 January 2025
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	The Black Brant rockets were designed to carry payloads to study radio propagations through the ionosphere and the aurora borealis. The BB1 and its heavier successor, BB2, reached altitudes of 150 km carrying 68-kg payloads.		The Black Brant rockets were designed to carry payloads to study radio propagations through the ionosphere and the aurora borealis. The BB1 and its heavier successor, BB2, reached altitudes of 150 km carrying 68-kg payloads.

	==Black Brant 3, 4 and 5==		===Black Brant 3, 4 and 5===
	Following their launches, in 1960 the Government of Canada awarded Bristol a contract to design three new sounding rockets with varying capabilities (BB3, BB4, and BB5). The Cold War limited technology transfers across the border and challenged the Bristol engineering team to design the rockets from scratch including all the instrumentation and test equipment to monitor the performance of the rocket, its systems, and components.		Following their launches, in 1960 the Government of Canada awarded Bristol a contract to design three new sounding rockets with varying capabilities (BB3, BB4, and BB5). The Cold War limited technology transfers across the border and challenged the Bristol engineering team to design the rockets from scratch including all the instrumentation and test equipment to monitor the performance of the rocket, its systems, and components.

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	[[File:BlackBrant Fig 2 Bristol-built Black Brant 9 with a Canadian Space Agency microgravity payload launches from New Mexico.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Bristol-built Black Brant 9 with a Canadian Space Agency microgravity payload launches from New Mexico]]		[[File:BlackBrant Fig 2 Bristol-built Black Brant 9 with a Canadian Space Agency microgravity payload launches from New Mexico.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Bristol-built Black Brant 9 with a Canadian Space Agency microgravity payload launches from New Mexico]]


	The BB5 was the first motor designed, manufactured, filled, and test fired solely by Bristol’s engineering team in Manitoba. It was designed to lift 150-kg payloads to 325 km by introducing a new and more powerful propellant, a new lightweight case and nozzle, and improved insulation systems. This new Canadian technology underwent 13 static firings to become qualified for flight. The first flight was launched from Churchill in June 1965 and exceeded performance requirements by providing a “quiet ride” with benevolent flight characteristics. Over the next 50 years, the BB5 and its variants became the workhorse of the Canadian space program and the American sounding rocket programs. The rockets supported many scientific experiments including a notable coordination with astronauts on the Skylab space station to calibrate solar equipment and later test components designed for the Space Shuttle program. Many Canadian scientists also participated in flights with their instruments integrated as a payload for the flight by Bristol’s engineering team.		The BB5 was the first motor designed, manufactured, filled, and test fired solely by Bristol’s engineering team in Manitoba. It was designed to lift 150-kg payloads to 325 km by introducing a new and more powerful propellant, a new lightweight case and nozzle, and improved insulation systems. This new Canadian technology underwent 13 static firings to become qualified for flight. The first flight was launched from Churchill in June 1965 and exceeded performance requirements by providing a “quiet ride” with benevolent flight characteristics. Over the next 50 years, the BB5 and its variants became the workhorse of the Canadian space program and the American sounding rocket programs. The rockets supported many scientific experiments including a notable coordination with astronauts on the Skylab space station to calibrate solar equipment and later test components designed for the Space Shuttle program. Many Canadian scientists also participated in flights with their instruments integrated as a payload for the flight by Bristol’s engineering team.

Gcook: /* Evolution of Black Brant Rockets */

2025-01-30T19:53:59Z

Evolution of Black Brant Rockets

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:53, 30 January 2025
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	==Evolution of Black Brant Rockets==		==Evolution of Black Brant Rockets==
	The Black Brant rockets were designed to carry payloads to study radio propagations through the ionosphere and the aurora borealis. The BB1 and its heavier successor, BB2, reached altitudes of 150 km carrying 68-kg payloads. Following their launches, in 1960 the Government of Canada awarded Bristol a contract to design three new sounding rockets with varying capabilities (BB3, BB4, and BB5). The Cold War limited technology transfers across the border and challenged the Bristol engineering team to design the rockets from scratch including all the instrumentation and test equipment to monitor the performance of the rocket, its systems, and components.		The Black Brant rockets were designed to carry payloads to study radio propagations through the ionosphere and the aurora borealis. The BB1 and its heavier successor, BB2, reached altitudes of 150 km carrying 68-kg payloads.

			==Black Brant 3, 4 and 5==
			Following their launches, in 1960 the Government of Canada awarded Bristol a contract to design three new sounding rockets with varying capabilities (BB3, BB4, and BB5). The Cold War limited technology transfers across the border and challenged the Bristol engineering team to design the rockets from scratch including all the instrumentation and test equipment to monitor the performance of the rocket, its systems, and components.

	The BB3 was the smallest of the rockets with a 25-cm diameter motor and was capable of lifting 18-kg payloads to 180 km. The two-stage BB4 rocket was significantly more powerful and could carry 100-kg payloads up to 1,000 km above the surface. Both of these rockets were collaborative developments between CARDE and Bristol, with CARDE focused on the propellant and Bristol focused on the metals, instrumentation and flight dynamics. These two rockets were flown 80 and 61 times, respectively, before they were retired from service in 1985. At their peak, the rockets supported the American Apollo program, amongst other scientific ventures.		The BB3 was the smallest of the rockets with a 25-cm diameter motor and was capable of lifting 18-kg payloads to 180 km. The two-stage BB4 rocket was significantly more powerful and could carry 100-kg payloads up to 1,000 km above the surface. Both of these rockets were collaborative developments between CARDE and Bristol, with CARDE focused on the propellant and Bristol focused on the metals, instrumentation and flight dynamics. These two rockets were flown 80 and 61 times, respectively, before they were retired from service in 1985. At their peak, the rockets supported the American Apollo program, amongst other scientific ventures.
Line 24:		Line 26:
	[[File:BlackBrant Fig 3 Scale of Black Brant Rockets ver1.jpg\|Scale of Black Brant Rockets, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]		[[File:BlackBrant Fig 3 Scale of Black Brant Rockets ver1.jpg\|Scale of Black Brant Rockets, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]

			==Black Brant 8, 9 and 10==
	In 1973, NASA, the National Research Council, and Bristol entered in a collaboration to increase the performance of the BB5 to accommodate larger and heavier payloads. Leveraging existing technologies, the program combined surplus NIKE boosters from the US Army with a BB5 to create the new BB8. The NIKE motors were available in large quantities after they were superseded by later models, thus becoming a cost-effective launch vehicle stack. This was the first instance of using military rockets to make Black Brant stacks and resulted in 40% higher altitudes than a BB5 alone. Bristol developed all of the interface and separation hardware as well as calculating the flight performance and associated loads that the vehicle would have to survive. The BB8 flew 115 times before its retirement.		In 1973, NASA, the National Research Council, and Bristol entered in a collaboration to increase the performance of the BB5 to accommodate larger and heavier payloads. Leveraging existing technologies, the program combined surplus NIKE boosters from the US Army with a BB5 to create the new BB8. The NIKE motors were available in large quantities after they were superseded by later models, thus becoming a cost-effective launch vehicle stack. This was the first instance of using military rockets to make Black Brant stacks and resulted in 40% higher altitudes than a BB5 alone. Bristol developed all of the interface and separation hardware as well as calculating the flight performance and associated loads that the vehicle would have to survive. The BB8 flew 115 times before its retirement.

Line 30:		Line 33:
	In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.		In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.

			==Black Brant 11 and 12==
	With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching 1,460 km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.		With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching 1,460 km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.

			==Black Brant Mk Program==
	In 1996, Bristol began the BB Mk program to design upgrades to the standard BB motors that incorporated new materials and novel manufacturing processes while also improving the overall performance of the motors. The BB Mk1 was successfully tested from the CRR on April 28, 1998. Since then, this vehicle has been successfully launched more than 105 times. Further improvements were introduced for the Black Brant motors over the years. The most recent development was the BB Mk4 in which Bristol made changes to the propellant formulation, propellant grain-shape, and the nozzle configuration to further reduce pressure oscillations inside the rocket motor. The BB Mk4 was flight-qualified on October 7, 2015 and has successfully flown on 18 NASA missions.		In 1996, Bristol began the BB Mk program to design upgrades to the standard BB motors that incorporated new materials and novel manufacturing processes while also improving the overall performance of the motors. The BB Mk1 was successfully tested from the CRR on April 28, 1998. Since then, this vehicle has been successfully launched more than 105 times. Further improvements were introduced for the Black Brant motors over the years. The most recent development was the BB Mk4 in which Bristol made changes to the propellant formulation, propellant grain-shape, and the nozzle configuration to further reduce pressure oscillations inside the rocket motor. The BB Mk4 was flight-qualified on October 7, 2015 and has successfully flown on 18 NASA missions.

Gcook: /* Evolution of Black Brant Rockets */

2025-01-30T19:48:19Z

Evolution of Black Brant Rockets

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:48, 30 January 2025
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	In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.		In the late 1970s, NASA and the Southwest Research Institute identified a need to fly over the Earth’s dayside polar cusp, which led to the development of the BB10. This was Bristol’s first three-stage system consisting of a Terrier, a BB5, and a new Bristol-designed Nihka rocket motor. The third stage was ignited after reaching exo-atmospheric conditions. Thus, instead of using fins for stabilization, the vehicle was made to be “gyroscopically stable” by the spin rates from the fins on the second stage. This vehicle lifted 75-kg payloads up to 1,500 km and measured 16.8 m long, with over 1,800 kg of propellant. The vehicle has been launched successfully more than 30 times.

	With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching ~~1460~~ km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.		With the scientists always wanting more, the BB12 and BB11 were born in the late 1980s. The four-stage BB12, comprising Talos, Taurus, Black Brant and Nihka motors, was used to launch light payloads to very high altitudes reaching 1,460 km with a 112-kg payload. The three-stage BB11 (Talos, Taurus, Brant) was used to lift very heavy payloads to more intermediate altitude, with its maiden flight lifting 533 kg to 368 km. For these vehicles, the Talos and Taurus were time-expired military motors, while the Brant and Nihka motors were purpose-built motors from Bristol.

	In 1996, Bristol began the BB Mk program to design upgrades to the standard BB motors that incorporated new materials and novel manufacturing processes while also improving the overall performance of the motors. The BB Mk1 was successfully tested from the CRR on April 28, 1998. Since then, this vehicle has been successfully launched more than 105 times. Further improvements were introduced for the Black Brant motors over the years. The most recent development was the BB Mk4 in which Bristol made changes to the propellant formulation, propellant grain-shape, and the nozzle configuration to further reduce pressure oscillations inside the rocket motor. The BB Mk4 was flight-qualified on October 7, 2015 and has successfully flown on 18 NASA missions.		In 1996, Bristol began the BB Mk program to design upgrades to the standard BB motors that incorporated new materials and novel manufacturing processes while also improving the overall performance of the motors. The BB Mk1 was successfully tested from the CRR on April 28, 1998. Since then, this vehicle has been successfully launched more than 105 times. Further improvements were introduced for the Black Brant motors over the years. The most recent development was the BB Mk4 in which Bristol made changes to the propellant formulation, propellant grain-shape, and the nozzle configuration to further reduce pressure oscillations inside the rocket motor. The BB Mk4 was flight-qualified on October 7, 2015 and has successfully flown on 18 NASA missions.

Gcook: /* Aside: Rocket Women */

2025-01-28T04:47:00Z

Aside: Rocket Women

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:47, 27 January 2025
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	===Aside: Rocket Women===		===Aside: Rocket Women===
	[[File:BlackBrant Fig 4 Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign.jpg\|thumb\|Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]		[[File:BlackBrant Fig 4 Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign.jpg\|thumb\|Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]
	<br>		<br><br><br>
	''The BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign was not only an exciting milestone in the long history of the Black Brant program, but also the first time in the history of the NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office that the team was led by an incredibly talented team of women (the principal investigator for the payload, the motor design lead, and several key members of the science team). To commemorate this unique event the motor assembly technicians added a pink stripe to the center of the motor case.''		''The BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign was not only an exciting milestone in the long history of the Black Brant program, but also the first time in the history of the NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office that the team was led by an incredibly talented team of women (the principal investigator for the payload, the motor design lead, and several key members of the science team). To commemorate this unique event the motor assembly technicians added a pink stripe to the center of the motor case.''

Gcook: /* Aside: Rocket Women */

2025-01-28T04:46:37Z

Aside: Rocket Women

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:46, 27 January 2025
Line 42:		Line 42:

	===Aside: Rocket Women===		===Aside: Rocket Women===

	''The BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign was not only an exciting milestone in the long history of the Black Brant program, but also the first time in the history of the NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office that the team was led by an incredibly talented team of women (the principal investigator for the payload, the motor design lead, and several key members of the science team). To commemorate this unique event the motor assembly technicians added a pink stripe to the center of the motor case.''

	[[File:BlackBrant Fig 4 Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign.jpg\|thumb\|Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]		[[File:BlackBrant Fig 4 Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign.jpg\|thumb\|Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]
			<br>
			''The BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign was not only an exciting milestone in the long history of the Black Brant program, but also the first time in the history of the NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office that the team was led by an incredibly talented team of women (the principal investigator for the payload, the motor design lead, and several key members of the science team). To commemorate this unique event the motor assembly technicians added a pink stripe to the center of the motor case.''

	==References==		==References==

Gcook: /* Aside: Rocket Women */

2025-01-28T04:46:05Z

Aside: Rocket Women

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:46, 27 January 2025
Line 45:		Line 45:
	''The BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign was not only an exciting milestone in the long history of the Black Brant program, but also the first time in the history of the NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office that the team was led by an incredibly talented team of women (the principal investigator for the payload, the motor design lead, and several key members of the science team). To commemorate this unique event the motor assembly technicians added a pink stripe to the center of the motor case.''		''The BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign was not only an exciting milestone in the long history of the Black Brant program, but also the first time in the history of the NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office that the team was led by an incredibly talented team of women (the principal investigator for the payload, the motor design lead, and several key members of the science team). To commemorate this unique event the motor assembly technicians added a pink stripe to the center of the motor case.''

	~~Insert photo~~ 4 ~~here~~.		[[File:BlackBrant Fig 4 Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign.jpg\|thumb\|Female led team of Magellan engineers supporting the BB Mk4 flight qualification campaign, Photo Credit Magellan Aerospace]]

	==References==		==References==